This paper presents the results of numerical analysis of boundary conditions to tunnels excavated in rock masses obeying Hoek–Brown failure criterion. In numerical analysis, a 2D finite element program with software Phase2 is utilized together with the convergence-confinement method. Three boundary types box, circle and hull and different expansion factors is considered for modeling. The results of the evaluations show that the best expansion factor for modeling of tunnels is equal to 7 and the external boundaries circle, hull and box to cause maximum displacement around tunnels, respectively.

Energy differences due to the strategic nature, and the enormous costs associated with it, is of great sensitivity, since the Energy Charter Treaty, the first legal document regulating trade, transit and investment in the energy sector, with rules accurate and consistent, in the context of dispute settlement, try to minimize business risks that, in order to reassure the parties to the contract, their rights and legal guarantees for investment is safe. Charter Investment Disputes divided into two groups, the differences between the investor and the host government, and disputes between Contracting States, for any dispute regarding the nature of the dispute, has established a separate regulation. Provide different methods, such as negotiation and compromise before admission to international arbitration bodies, and lack of funding required to refer the dispute to the civil authorities of the host country, and granting the charter initiative of bringing a case directly, without the need for diplomatic support to investors foreign to guarantee non-discriminatory manner, thereby increasing the confidence of investors, resulting in increased investment and trade flows between our members. In this study, it has been tried, in addition to the Charter outlines the rules of dispute settlement, in the area of investment, the scrutiny of the Bill, the existing uncertainties, such as the lack of merit of the government invested in litigation against private investment, and investment restrictions in to resolve the litigation, and the dispute settlement mechanism of the Energy Charter, as appropriate role models not only for the security of the investment, and the resulting differences in the energy sector, but the rest of the field.

Memorization wisdom and logic of the oath, in the case of the deceased (heirs of deceased), mandatory or optional nature of the oath of the claimant, the possibility or impossibility refused to read it, and why each current or non-current principle Rooming, legal status of the child, Crazy absent, see the proof of claims with and without resorting to swearing, fighting or the official documentation, such as issues surrounding Memorization oath that makes motivated the authors to investigate and critically analyzing Memorization oath, and the need to amend the 1333 Act civil. This result was obtained by analyzing the issue, by Memorization to convince the judge, and the removal of doubts, he explained religion, because the deceased was not in self-defense, and that even if it was alive, his acquittal evidence presented out.. Hence if the reasons adduced by the applicant or the defendant's statements, the defendants, the judge fixed the survival of religion is, fixing the oath Memorization do not cancel. On the other hand, the criterion Memorization oath, in the case of the child, and the Hidden crazy, but I swear it Rooming against the current, and the proof issues with Evidence no need for another reason, to prove the exceptional figures there is, and can not be used, by the issue of unity and sentence passed on the matter to the matches, so the legislator should amend Section 1333 Q.M, the importance of the oath, in the latter case, the his nose. , On the other hand, Article 1333 Q.M, about the need to swear Memorization, in the case of documentary quarrel official document, the applicability of Article 278 Q.A.d.m, which is necessary in both cases admitted in conflict, is. It seems, that the will of the legislator's position Article 278 Q.A.d.m, which is more logical than the official document, the logical question is, how many died during the life of its provisions do but to prove his heirs have access.

In this paper,we investigate the application of the subspace system identification (SSI) method (e.g. N4SID) to the MIMO frequency-selective fading channel estimation problem. The FIR constraint on the MIMO channel model is suggested to be relieved to draw benefit from possible parsimonious parametrization of the MIMO channel when subchannels become correlated. Also, the criterion for training sequence selection for SSIbased MIMO channel estimation is analyzed. Considering that the formalism of optimal input design is inappropriate for training sequence solution, we suggest still to use the conventional white and spatially uncorrelated sequences for SSI-based (non-FIR) MIMO channel estimation, even if they might be suboptimal. A modification of the SSI methods and a semi-blind approach are proposed to address the issue that only non-contiguous block-wise training sequences are available in practical mobile communication systems.